EGF-activated PI3K/Akt signalling coordinates leucine uptake by regulating LAT3 expression in prostate cancer

EGF-activated PI3K/Akt signalling coordinates leucine uptake by regulating LAT3 expression in prostate cancer.

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Item Type: Article
Status: Published
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-019-0400-0
Journal or Publication Title: Cell Communication and Signaling
Volume: 17
Number: 1
Date: 2019
Divisions: Gene and Stem Cell Therapy
Depositing User: General Admin
Identification Number: 10.1186/s12964-019-0400-0
ISSN: 1478-811X
Date Deposited: 21 Dec 2020 23:04
Abstract:

Background: Growth factors, such as EGF, activate the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signalling pathway, which regulates a distinct program of protein synthesis leading to cell growth. This pathway relies on mTORC1 sensing sufficient levels of intracellular amino acids, such as leucine, which are required for mTORC1 activation. However, it is currently unknown whether there is a direct link between these external growth signals and intracellular amino acid levels. In primary prostate cancer cells, intracellular leucine levels are regulated by L-type amino acid transporter 3 (LAT3/SLC43A1), and we therefore investigated whether LAT3 is regulated by growth factor signalling.

Methods: To investigate how PI3K/Akt signalling regulates leucine transport, prostate cancer cells were treated with different PI3K/Akt inhibitors, or stable knock down of LAT3 by shRNA, followed by analysis of leucine uptake, western blotting, immunofluorescent staining and proximity ligation assay.

Results: Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signalling significantly reduced leucine transport in LNCaP and PC-3 human prostate cancer cell lines, while growth factor addition significantly increased leucine uptake. These effects appeared to be mediated by LAT3 transport, as LAT3 knockdown blocked leucine uptake, and was not rescued by growth factor activation or further inhibited by signalling pathway inhibition. We further demonstrated that EGF significantly increased LAT3 protein levels when Akt was phosphorylated, and that Akt and LAT3 co-localised on the plasma membrane in EGF-activated LNCaP cells. These effects were likely due to stabilisation of LAT3 protein levels on the plasma membrane, with EGF treatment preventing ubiquitin-mediated LAT3 degradation.

Conclusion: Growth factor-activated PI3K/Akt signalling pathway regulates leucine transport through LAT3 in prostate cancer cell lines. These data support a direct link between growth factor and amino acid uptake, providing a mechanism by which the cells rapidly coordinate amino acid uptake for cell growth.

Keywords: EGF; L-type amino acids transporter 3; LAT3; PI3K/Akt signalling pathway; Prostate cancer; SLC43A1.

Creators:
Creators
Email
Zhang, Blake K.
UNSPECIFIED
Moran, Anne M.
UNSPECIFIED
Bailey, Charles G.
UNSPECIFIED
Rasko, John E. J.
UNSPECIFIED
Holst, Jeff
UNSPECIFIED
Wang, Qian
UNSPECIFIED
Last Modified: 21 Dec 2020 23:04
URI: https://eprints.centenary.org.au/id/eprint/181

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