Towards resolution of the intron retention paradox in breast cancer

Towards resolution of the intron retention paradox in breast cancer.

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Item Type: Article
Status: Published
Official URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13058-022-01593-1
Journal or Publication Title: Breast Cancer Research
Volume: 24
Number: 1
Date: 29 December 2022
Divisions: Bioinformatics and Molecular Genetics
Computational BioMedicine
Epigenetics and RNA Biology
Gene and Stem Cell Therapy
Depositing User: General Admin
Identification Number: 10.1186/s13058-022-01593-1
ISSN: 1465-542X
Date Deposited: 15 Mar 2023 00:57
Abstract:

Background
After many years of neglect in the field of alternative splicing, the importance of intron retention (IR) in cancer has come into focus following landmark discoveries of aberrant IR patterns in cancer. Many solid and liquid tumours are associated with drastic increases in IR, and such patterns have been pursued as both biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Paradoxically, breast cancer (BrCa) is the only tumour type in which IR is reduced compared to adjacent normal breast tissue.

Methods
In this study, we have conducted a pan-cancer analysis of IR with emphasis on BrCa and its subtypes. We explored mechanisms that could cause aberrant and pathological IR and clarified why normal breast tissue has unusually high IR.

Results
Strikingly, we found that aberrantly decreasing IR in BrCa can be largely attributed to normal breast tissue having the highest occurrence of IR events compared to other healthy tissues. Our analyses suggest that low numbers of IR events in breast tumours are associated with poor prognosis, particularly in the luminal B subtype. Interestingly, we found that IR frequencies negatively correlate with cell proliferation in BrCa cells, i.e. rapidly dividing tumour cells have the lowest number of IR events. Aberrant RNA-binding protein expression and changes in tissue composition are among the causes of aberrantly decreasing IR in BrCa.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that IR should be considered for therapeutic manipulation in BrCa patients with aberrantly low IR levels and that further work is needed to understand the cause and impact of high IR in other tumour types.

Creators:
Creators
Email
Shah, Jaynish S.
UNSPECIFIED
Milevskiy, Michael J. G.
UNSPECIFIED
Petrova, Veronika
UNSPECIFIED
Au, Amy Y. M.
UNSPECIFIED
Wong, Justin J. L.
UNSPECIFIED
Visvader, Jane E.
UNSPECIFIED
Schmitz, Ulf
UNSPECIFIED
Rasko, John E. J.
UNSPECIFIED
Last Modified: 15 Mar 2023 00:57
URI: https://eprints.centenary.org.au/id/eprint/1431

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